Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 39 Researches
7
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 20 Reviews
8
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 3 Soft Gels
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
35
Total Fat
3 g
4%
Saturated Fat
0.5 g
3%
Trans Fat
0 g
†
Cholesterol
15 mg
5%
Vitamin A
30 mcg RAE
3%
Total Omega-3s
750 mg
†
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
240 mg
†
DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)
360 mg
†
Other Omega-3s
150 mg
†
Top Medical Research Studies
9
Eicosapentaenoic acid benefits cholesterol
We explored the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a specific type of omega-3 fatty acid, on cholesterol levels in a recent study involving real-world supplement consumers. Participants took AlmegaPL capsules, which contain high amounts of EPA and are free of the other omega-3 fatty acid, DHA. This setup allowed us to gain insights from those who are already incorporating EPA into their diets.
Throughout the study, we monitored key health markers such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, and various types of cholesterol at different stages of supplementation. We observed that after six months of taking this supplement, participants showed a significant reduction in remnant cholesterol and maintained healthy triglyceride levels. Notably, this decrease in cholesterol did not come at the expense of raising low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, which is often a concern with other treatments.
These encouraging results reveal that EPA can be a beneficial addition for individuals looking to manage their cholesterol levels effectively. Importantly, our findings highlight AlmegaPL's unique position as a natural, over-the-counter option for those seeking to improve their lipid profiles.
Throughout the study, we monitored key health markers such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, and various types of cholesterol at different stages of supplementation. We observed that after six months of taking this supplement, participants showed a significant reduction in remnant cholesterol and maintained healthy triglyceride levels. Notably, this decrease in cholesterol did not come at the expense of raising low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, which is often a concern with other treatments.
These encouraging results reveal that EPA can be a beneficial addition for individuals looking to manage their cholesterol levels effectively. Importantly, our findings highlight AlmegaPL's unique position as a natural, over-the-counter option for those seeking to improve their lipid profiles.
Read More
9
DHA lowers cholesterol; boosts metabolism
We aimed to investigate how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) impacts cholesterol levels and brain glucose metabolism. In our study, we focused on aged SAMP8 mice, dividing them into two groups: a control group and one receiving DHA supplementation.
Our results revealed encouraging changes; the group that received DHA showed a decrease in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased. More importantly, we observed improvements in glucose metabolism in various brain regions, including the cortex and hippocampus.
These findings suggest that DHA may help lower harmful cholesterol levels and enhance brain function by regulating specific cholesterol compounds like 27-hydroxycholesterol, which are linked to glucose metabolism. Overall, our study highlights DHA's potential in supporting heart and brain health through cholesterol management.
Our results revealed encouraging changes; the group that received DHA showed a decrease in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased. More importantly, we observed improvements in glucose metabolism in various brain regions, including the cortex and hippocampus.
These findings suggest that DHA may help lower harmful cholesterol levels and enhance brain function by regulating specific cholesterol compounds like 27-hydroxycholesterol, which are linked to glucose metabolism. Overall, our study highlights DHA's potential in supporting heart and brain health through cholesterol management.
Read More
7
Cod liver oil affects cholesterol differently
We observed the effects of cod liver oil (CLO) on cholesterol levels and platelet function in a controlled study involving 34 healthy adults, including both men and women. Participants took 25 ml of CLO daily for eight weeks, allowing us to measure changes in their lipid profiles and platelet responsiveness before and after the intervention.
Before taking CLO, women had notably higher total and HDL (good) cholesterol levels compared to men, as well as higher platelet counts. Interestingly, women showed a lower response to collagen stimulation in their platelets, indicating different baseline platelet activity. After the CLO treatment, we found that men's serum triglyceride levels decreased, while their LDL (bad) cholesterol increased. This rise in LDL was statistically significant when compared to women, who did not exhibit any notable change in LDL levels.
It's important to note that while the mean platelet volume increased for both sexes, men experienced a reduced sensitivity to collagen after taking CLO, which was a significant finding as this effect did not occur in women. Overall, the study suggests notable sex differences in how cod liver oil impacts cholesterol levels and platelet responses, emphasizing the need for gender-specific assessments in dietary supplements.
Before taking CLO, women had notably higher total and HDL (good) cholesterol levels compared to men, as well as higher platelet counts. Interestingly, women showed a lower response to collagen stimulation in their platelets, indicating different baseline platelet activity. After the CLO treatment, we found that men's serum triglyceride levels decreased, while their LDL (bad) cholesterol increased. This rise in LDL was statistically significant when compared to women, who did not exhibit any notable change in LDL levels.
It's important to note that while the mean platelet volume increased for both sexes, men experienced a reduced sensitivity to collagen after taking CLO, which was a significant finding as this effect did not occur in women. Overall, the study suggests notable sex differences in how cod liver oil impacts cholesterol levels and platelet responses, emphasizing the need for gender-specific assessments in dietary supplements.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
7.5
Improved cholesterol levels
6 people found this helpful
I appreciate that this is a quality supplement with just one ingredient, making it safe for my child who has been using it since aged 4. It has no fishy taste, is beneficial for heart health, and helps manage high cholesterol and inflammation. My skin is also more hydrated since taking it.
Read More
7.5
Cholesterol management
6 people found this helpful
There’s no fish taste and the soft gel tablets are easy to swallow. This product has helped manage my high cholesterol, supports heart health, and improves my asthma. I have noticed thicker hair too. I take 2-3 soft gels daily after breakfast.
Read More
9
Excellent omega balance
3 people found this helpful
This high-quality cod liver oil has no fishy smell. I chose it for its balance of omega 3 fatty acids and vitamins A and D, which are crucial for heart health and managing high cholesterol. I prefer the lemon-flavoured liquid over capsules.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 39 Researches
7
- All Researches
9
Cod liver oil aids cholesterol reduction
We conducted an insightful study to examine the effects of cod liver oil on high cholesterol levels. The research was carried out in a well-structured manner, with 600 participants who had elevated cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. These individuals were divided into two groups. One group received daily doses of 415 mg of cod liver oil along with 10 mg of rosuvastatin, while the other group received just the rosuvastatin with placebo capsules.
After 30 days, we observed compelling results. The group taking cod liver oil showed a more significant drop in total cholesterol levels compared to those who only took rosuvastatin. Specifically, their total cholesterol fell to 152.22 mg/dL compared to 171.65 mg/dL in the control group. Similarly, LDL levels decreased more in the cod liver oil group, highlighting its potential benefits when added to standard cholesterol treatment.
However, it's crucial to mention that while cod liver oil seems to enhance the effect of rosuvastatin, lifestyle changes should still be the primary focus for anyone managing high cholesterol. This study opens the door for further research to explore the specific benefits of cod liver oil in such treatments.
After 30 days, we observed compelling results. The group taking cod liver oil showed a more significant drop in total cholesterol levels compared to those who only took rosuvastatin. Specifically, their total cholesterol fell to 152.22 mg/dL compared to 171.65 mg/dL in the control group. Similarly, LDL levels decreased more in the cod liver oil group, highlighting its potential benefits when added to standard cholesterol treatment.
However, it's crucial to mention that while cod liver oil seems to enhance the effect of rosuvastatin, lifestyle changes should still be the primary focus for anyone managing high cholesterol. This study opens the door for further research to explore the specific benefits of cod liver oil in such treatments.
Read More
9
We explored the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from Antarctic krill oil (ESKO) on cholesterol levels and obesity-related conditions. Through a carefully designed study involving mice on a high-fat diet, we wanted to see if ESKO could improve cholesterol metabolism and reduce fat accumulation.
We found that diets high in fat significantly increased oxidative stress and indicators associated with obesity. However, supplementation with ESKO appeared to counteract these negative effects, helping to reduce fat buildup and improve cholesterol levels.
Specifically, ESKO improved important metabolic pathways and reduced the activity of certain proteins that typically promote high cholesterol. This suggests that eicosapentaenoic acid from krill oil could play a crucial role in tackling high cholesterol and obesity-related disorders.
We found that diets high in fat significantly increased oxidative stress and indicators associated with obesity. However, supplementation with ESKO appeared to counteract these negative effects, helping to reduce fat buildup and improve cholesterol levels.
Specifically, ESKO improved important metabolic pathways and reduced the activity of certain proteins that typically promote high cholesterol. This suggests that eicosapentaenoic acid from krill oil could play a crucial role in tackling high cholesterol and obesity-related disorders.
Read More
9
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces cholesterol inflammation
We explored how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) affects cholesterol levels and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our study focused on individuals with high levels of atherogenic lipoproteins, specifically apoB, which are known to predict higher diabetes risk. Over a twelve-week period, participants received daily doses of EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to see how these omega-3 fatty acids influenced the secretion of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) from human white adipose tissue (WAT).
Remarkably, our results showed that EPA and DHA treatment effectively normalized the IL-1β secretion levels in participants who initially had high apoB. After the intervention, LDL cholesterol no longer triggered IL-1β secretion, and the omega-3 supplementation also improved overall β-cell function and fat metabolism. This means that not only did EPA and DHA reduce inflammation linked to high cholesterol, but they also appeared to enhance metabolic health.
Additionally, we found that the supplementation reduced the association between WAT inflammasome activity and various cardiometabolic risk factors, such as increased body fat. In laboratory tests, EPA and DHA inhibited WAT IL-1β secretion in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that incorporating EPA and DHA into our diets may help prevent diabetes and its related health issues in individuals with high apoB levels.
Remarkably, our results showed that EPA and DHA treatment effectively normalized the IL-1β secretion levels in participants who initially had high apoB. After the intervention, LDL cholesterol no longer triggered IL-1β secretion, and the omega-3 supplementation also improved overall β-cell function and fat metabolism. This means that not only did EPA and DHA reduce inflammation linked to high cholesterol, but they also appeared to enhance metabolic health.
Additionally, we found that the supplementation reduced the association between WAT inflammasome activity and various cardiometabolic risk factors, such as increased body fat. In laboratory tests, EPA and DHA inhibited WAT IL-1β secretion in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that incorporating EPA and DHA into our diets may help prevent diabetes and its related health issues in individuals with high apoB levels.
Read More
9
We examined the impact of a highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) formulation on cholesterol levels and overall heart health in individuals considered at high risk for cardiovascular issues. The study involved 226 patients who had high triglycerides and one or more cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension or diabetes.
Participants received 4 grams of EPA daily for three months alongside regular nutritional counseling. By tracking key health markers, we noted significant improvements in cholesterol levels, particularly in triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). For instance, triglyceride levels dropped from an average of 2.97 mmol/L to 1.75 mmol/L in just three months.
Additionally, we found improvements in other important metrics, including total cholesterol and glucose levels, indicating that EPA supplementation may have broad benefits for cardiometabolic health. Although apolipoprotein A levels did not change significantly, the overall trend suggests that incorporating EPA could play a role in achieving better heart health outcomes.
Participants received 4 grams of EPA daily for three months alongside regular nutritional counseling. By tracking key health markers, we noted significant improvements in cholesterol levels, particularly in triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). For instance, triglyceride levels dropped from an average of 2.97 mmol/L to 1.75 mmol/L in just three months.
Additionally, we found improvements in other important metrics, including total cholesterol and glucose levels, indicating that EPA supplementation may have broad benefits for cardiometabolic health. Although apolipoprotein A levels did not change significantly, the overall trend suggests that incorporating EPA could play a role in achieving better heart health outcomes.
Read More
9
Eicosapentaenoic acid benefits cholesterol
We explored the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a specific type of omega-3 fatty acid, on cholesterol levels in a recent study involving real-world supplement consumers. Participants took AlmegaPL capsules, which contain high amounts of EPA and are free of the other omega-3 fatty acid, DHA. This setup allowed us to gain insights from those who are already incorporating EPA into their diets.
Throughout the study, we monitored key health markers such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, and various types of cholesterol at different stages of supplementation. We observed that after six months of taking this supplement, participants showed a significant reduction in remnant cholesterol and maintained healthy triglyceride levels. Notably, this decrease in cholesterol did not come at the expense of raising low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, which is often a concern with other treatments.
These encouraging results reveal that EPA can be a beneficial addition for individuals looking to manage their cholesterol levels effectively. Importantly, our findings highlight AlmegaPL's unique position as a natural, over-the-counter option for those seeking to improve their lipid profiles.
Throughout the study, we monitored key health markers such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, and various types of cholesterol at different stages of supplementation. We observed that after six months of taking this supplement, participants showed a significant reduction in remnant cholesterol and maintained healthy triglyceride levels. Notably, this decrease in cholesterol did not come at the expense of raising low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, which is often a concern with other treatments.
These encouraging results reveal that EPA can be a beneficial addition for individuals looking to manage their cholesterol levels effectively. Importantly, our findings highlight AlmegaPL's unique position as a natural, over-the-counter option for those seeking to improve their lipid profiles.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 20 Reviews
8
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
7.5
Improved cholesterol levels
6 people found this helpful
I appreciate that this is a quality supplement with just one ingredient, making it safe for my child who has been using it since aged 4. It has no fishy taste, is beneficial for heart health, and helps manage high cholesterol and inflammation. My skin is also more hydrated since taking it.
Read More
7.5
Cholesterol management
6 people found this helpful
There’s no fish taste and the soft gel tablets are easy to swallow. This product has helped manage my high cholesterol, supports heart health, and improves my asthma. I have noticed thicker hair too. I take 2-3 soft gels daily after breakfast.
Read More
9
Excellent omega balance
3 people found this helpful
This high-quality cod liver oil has no fishy smell. I chose it for its balance of omega 3 fatty acids and vitamins A and D, which are crucial for heart health and managing high cholesterol. I prefer the lemon-flavoured liquid over capsules.
Read More
9
Elderly suitability
1 people found this helpful
I bought cod liver oil for my mother to help manage her high cholesterol. After three months, her levels normalised, and it also reduced inflammation. The taste is acceptable, and it is suitable for older adults.
Read More
9
Fights cholesterol inflammation
1 people found this helpful
Excellent Cod Liver Oil! Nordic Naturals offers high-quality cod liver oils with concentrated EPA and DHA, fighting inflammation and lowering high cholesterol levels. It is also beneficial for heart health and tastes very good. I highly recommend it and will buy again.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
9
Elderly suitability
1 people found this helpful
I bought cod liver oil for my mother to help manage her high cholesterol. After three months, her levels normalised, and it also reduced inflammation. The taste is acceptable, and it is suitable for older adults.
9
Fights cholesterol inflammation
1 people found this helpful
Excellent Cod Liver Oil! Nordic Naturals offers high-quality cod liver oils with concentrated EPA and DHA, fighting inflammation and lowering high cholesterol levels. It is also beneficial for heart health and tastes very good. I highly recommend it and will buy again.
9
Improves high cholesterol
1 people found this helpful
Awesome! The quality is excellent, with good ingredients that do not cause body odour or aftertaste. It noticeably improves hair, nails, skin, and mood. For those with high cholesterol, it boosts memory and concentration, strengthens eyesight, and enhances heart health. I recommend using it continuously for the best results.
9
Beneficial for cholesterol
1 people found this helpful
The best omega supplement is excellent and indispensable, with high-quality ingredients. This is my third purchase. It is beneficial for my heart, reduces inflammation, and lowers high cholesterol. Its taste is acceptable, and it also benefits my eyes and hair. Quality is guaranteed.
7.5
Cholesterol management
6 people found this helpful
There’s no fish taste and the soft gel tablets are easy to swallow. This product has helped manage my high cholesterol, supports heart health, and improves my asthma. I have noticed thicker hair too. I take 2-3 soft gels daily after breakfast.
9
Cod liver oil aids cholesterol reduction
We conducted an insightful study to examine the effects of cod liver oil on high cholesterol levels. The research was carried out in a well-structured manner, with 600 participants who had elevated cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. These individuals were divided into two groups. One group received daily doses of 415 mg of cod liver oil along with 10 mg of rosuvastatin, while the other group received just the rosuvastatin with placebo capsules.
After 30 days, we observed compelling results. The group taking cod liver oil showed a more significant drop in total cholesterol levels compared to those who only took rosuvastatin. Specifically, their total cholesterol fell to 152.22 mg/dL compared to 171.65 mg/dL in the control group. Similarly, LDL levels decreased more in the cod liver oil group, highlighting its potential benefits when added to standard cholesterol treatment.
However, it's crucial to mention that while cod liver oil seems to enhance the effect of rosuvastatin, lifestyle changes should still be the primary focus for anyone managing high cholesterol. This study opens the door for further research to explore the specific benefits of cod liver oil in such treatments.
After 30 days, we observed compelling results. The group taking cod liver oil showed a more significant drop in total cholesterol levels compared to those who only took rosuvastatin. Specifically, their total cholesterol fell to 152.22 mg/dL compared to 171.65 mg/dL in the control group. Similarly, LDL levels decreased more in the cod liver oil group, highlighting its potential benefits when added to standard cholesterol treatment.
However, it's crucial to mention that while cod liver oil seems to enhance the effect of rosuvastatin, lifestyle changes should still be the primary focus for anyone managing high cholesterol. This study opens the door for further research to explore the specific benefits of cod liver oil in such treatments.
7
We explored the effects of cod liver oil on high cholesterol levels in a study that involved mice fed a high-fat diet. After 30 days on this high-fat diet, the mice became hyperlipidemic, meaning they had elevated levels of fats in their blood. We then switched their diet to a combination of standard rodent chow mixed with 10% fish oil from eel, sardine, cod liver, or trout for 60 days.
Our findings revealed that all diets, except for the one that continued with the high-fat diet, lowered blood glucose levels. When it comes to total blood cholesterol, we noted decreases across all groups except for those that remained on the high-fat diet. Cod liver oil, along with eel oil, also helped reduce triglyceride levels significantly. However, all groups saw a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), known as good cholesterol, though only the trout and standard chow diets showed significant reductions.
While cod liver oil contributed to lowering triglycerides, its overall effect on cholesterol levels is mixed due to the complexities of the other oils tested. Ultimately, it appears that smoked eel offers the most balanced source of omega-3 fatty acids, aiding in the management of high cholesterol related to high-fat diets.
Our findings revealed that all diets, except for the one that continued with the high-fat diet, lowered blood glucose levels. When it comes to total blood cholesterol, we noted decreases across all groups except for those that remained on the high-fat diet. Cod liver oil, along with eel oil, also helped reduce triglyceride levels significantly. However, all groups saw a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), known as good cholesterol, though only the trout and standard chow diets showed significant reductions.
While cod liver oil contributed to lowering triglycerides, its overall effect on cholesterol levels is mixed due to the complexities of the other oils tested. Ultimately, it appears that smoked eel offers the most balanced source of omega-3 fatty acids, aiding in the management of high cholesterol related to high-fat diets.
2
Cod liver oil ineffective for cholesterol
We examined how long-term supplementation with cod liver oil (CLO) affects cholesterol levels in individuals with moderate high cholesterol. Over 14 months, 120 participants consumed either CLO or seal oil daily, while a control group received no supplements.
While both oils improved serum fatty acid composition and reduced platelet aggregation compared to the control, neither CLO nor seal oil led to significant changes in total cholesterol or other lipids. Overall, cod liver oil alone does not appear to effectively lower cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic individuals.
While both oils improved serum fatty acid composition and reduced platelet aggregation compared to the control, neither CLO nor seal oil led to significant changes in total cholesterol or other lipids. Overall, cod liver oil alone does not appear to effectively lower cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic individuals.
7
Cod liver oil affects cholesterol differently
We observed the effects of cod liver oil (CLO) on cholesterol levels and platelet function in a controlled study involving 34 healthy adults, including both men and women. Participants took 25 ml of CLO daily for eight weeks, allowing us to measure changes in their lipid profiles and platelet responsiveness before and after the intervention.
Before taking CLO, women had notably higher total and HDL (good) cholesterol levels compared to men, as well as higher platelet counts. Interestingly, women showed a lower response to collagen stimulation in their platelets, indicating different baseline platelet activity. After the CLO treatment, we found that men's serum triglyceride levels decreased, while their LDL (bad) cholesterol increased. This rise in LDL was statistically significant when compared to women, who did not exhibit any notable change in LDL levels.
It's important to note that while the mean platelet volume increased for both sexes, men experienced a reduced sensitivity to collagen after taking CLO, which was a significant finding as this effect did not occur in women. Overall, the study suggests notable sex differences in how cod liver oil impacts cholesterol levels and platelet responses, emphasizing the need for gender-specific assessments in dietary supplements.
Before taking CLO, women had notably higher total and HDL (good) cholesterol levels compared to men, as well as higher platelet counts. Interestingly, women showed a lower response to collagen stimulation in their platelets, indicating different baseline platelet activity. After the CLO treatment, we found that men's serum triglyceride levels decreased, while their LDL (bad) cholesterol increased. This rise in LDL was statistically significant when compared to women, who did not exhibit any notable change in LDL levels.
It's important to note that while the mean platelet volume increased for both sexes, men experienced a reduced sensitivity to collagen after taking CLO, which was a significant finding as this effect did not occur in women. Overall, the study suggests notable sex differences in how cod liver oil impacts cholesterol levels and platelet responses, emphasizing the need for gender-specific assessments in dietary supplements.
References
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- Kontostathi M, Isou S, Mostratos D, Vasdekis V, Demertzis N, et al. Influence of Omega-3 Fatty Acid-Rich Fish Oils on Hyperlipidemia: Effect of Eel, Sardine, Trout, and Cod Oils on Hyperlipidemic Mice. J Med Food. 2021;24:749. doi:10.1089/jmf.2020.0114
- Helland IB, Saugstad OD, Saarem K, Van Houwelingen AC, Nylander G, et al. Supplementation of n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy and lactation reduces maternal plasma lipid levels and provides DHA to the infants. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2006;19:397.
- Thorsdottir I, Gunnarsdottir I, Palsson GI. Birth weight, growth and feeding in infancy: relation to serum lipid concentration in 12-month-old infants. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003;57:1479.
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- Vognild E, Elvevoll EO, Brox J, Olsen RL, Barstad H, et al. Effects of dietary marine oils and olive oil on fatty acid composition, platelet membrane fluidity, platelet responses, and serum lipids in healthy humans. Lipids. 1998;33:427.
- Chicco A, D'Alessandro ME, Karabatas L, Gutman R, Lombardo YB. Effect of moderate levels of dietary fish oil on insulin secretion and sensitivity, and pancreas insulin content in normal rats. Ann Nutr Metab. 1996;40:61.
- Osterud B, Elvevoll E, Barstad H, Brox J, Halvorsen H, et al. Effect of marine oils supplementation on coagulation and cellular activation in whole blood. Lipids. 1995;30:1111.
- Kim DN, Schmee J, Baker JE, Lunden GM, Sheehan CE, et al. Dietary fish oil reduces microthrombi over atherosclerotic lesions in hyperlipidemic swine even in the absence of plasma cholesterol reduction. Exp Mol Pathol. 1993;59:122.
- Hansen JB, Berge LN, Svensson B, Lyngmo V, Nordøy A. Effects of cod liver oil on lipids and platelets in males and females. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1993;47:123.
- Kim DN, Schmee J, Lee CS, Eastman A, Ross JS, et al. Comparison of effects of fish oil and corn oil supplements on hyperlipidemic diet induced atherogenesis in swine. Atherosclerosis. 1991;89:191.
- Hansen JB, Svensson B, Wilsgård L, Osterud B. Serum enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibits procoagulant activity in endothelial cells. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1991;2:515.
- Jensen T, Stender S, Goldstein K, Hølmer G, Deckert T. Partial normalization by dietary cod-liver oil of increased microvascular albumin leakage in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and albuminuria. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:1572.
- Komori K, Shimokawa H, Vanhoutte PM. Endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to aggregating platelets in porcine femoral veins and its modulation by diet. Circulation. 1989;80:401.
- Shimokawa H, Vanhoutte PM. Dietary cod-liver oil improves endothelium-dependent responses in hypercholesterolemic and atherosclerotic porcine coronary arteries. Circulation. 1988;78:1421.
- Simonsen T, Nordøy A, Sjunneskog C, Lyngmo V. The effect of cod liver oil in two populations with low and high intake of dietary fish. Acta Med Scand. 1988;223:491.
- Yunoki K, Matsumi H, Miyoshi T, Kubo M, Hata Y, et al. Clinical Significance of Serum Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Endothelial Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Under Statin Therapy. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2025;12. doi:10.3390/jcdd12020060
- Aggarwal R, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, et al. Cardiovascular Outcomes With Icosapent Ethyl by Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Secondary Analysis of the REDUCE-IT Randomized Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038656. doi:10.1161/JAHA.124.038656
- Uthaiah NM, Venkataramareddy SR, Mudhol S, Sheikh AY. EPA-rich Nannochloropsis oceanica biomass regulates gut microbiota, alleviates inflammation and ameliorates liver fibrosis in rats. Food Res Int. 2025;202:115733. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115733
- Yoshikiyo K, Shimizu H, Nagato EG, Ishizuka S, Yamamoto T. Comparative Analysis of γ-Cyclodextrin, Perilla Oil, and Their Inclusion Complexes on Liver Injury and Dyslipidemia Associated with Elevated Gastrointestinal 12-Hydroxylated Bile Acid Levels. Molecules. 2025;30. doi:10.3390/molecules30020281
- Choi JH, Park SE, Kim S. Antarctic Krill Oil Supplementation Attenuates Hypercholesterolemia, Fatty Liver, and Oxidative Stress in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16213614
- Lamantia V, Bissonnette S, Beaudry M, Cyr Y, Rosiers CD, et al. EPA and DHA inhibit LDL-induced upregulation of human adipose tissue NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway and its association with diabetes risk factors. Sci Rep. 2024;14:27146. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-73672-6
- Choi GY, Calder PC. The differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1423228. doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1423228
- Bashir B, Schofield J, Downie P, France M, Ashcroft DM, et al. Beyond LDL-C: unravelling the residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk landscape-focus on hypertriglyceridaemia. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2024;11:1389106. doi:10.3389/fcvm.2024.1389106
- Lin YL, Wang CL, Chiang TI. Eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation alleviates pruritus, enhances skin moisture, and mitigates depression in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Front Nephrol. 2024;4:1365809. doi:10.3389/fneph.2024.1365809
- Omari M, Alkhalil M. Atherosclerosis Residual Lipid Risk-Overview of Existing and Future Pharmacotherapies. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2024;11. doi:10.3390/jcdd11040126
- Szarek M, Bhatt DL, Miller M, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, et al. Lipoprotein(a) Blood Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction With Icosapent Ethyl. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2024;83:1529. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2024.02.016
- Liakos CI, Lanaras L, Bristianou M, Papadopoulos DP. Pleiotropic beneficial cardiometabolic actions of a high-purity eicosapentaenoic acid product in high cardiovascular risk individuals. Lipids. 2024;59:67. doi:10.1002/lipd.12391
- Ganuza E, Etomi EH, Olson M, Whisner CM. Omega-3 eicosapentaenoic polar-lipid rich extract from microalgae decreases plasma triglycerides and cholesterol in a real-world normolipidemic supplement consumer population. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1293909. doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1293909
- Kobayashi Y, Fujikawa T, Haruna A, Kawano R, Ozawa M, et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids Reduce Remnant-like Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Improve the Ankle-Brachial Index of Hemodialysis Patients with Dyslipidemia: A Pilot Study. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023;60. doi:10.3390/medicina60010075
- Mueller PA, Bergstrom P, Rosario S, Heard M, Pamir N. Fish Oil Supplementation Modifies the Proteome, Lipidome, and Function of High-Density Lipoprotein: Findings from a Trial in Young Healthy Adults. J Nutr. 2024;154:1130. doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.007
- Kaur G, Mason RP, Steg PG, Bhatt DL. Omega-3 fatty acids for cardiovascular event lowering. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2024;31:1005. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwae003
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